傍観者効果に関する講義

Lecture Notes: The Bystander Effect

1. Definition:

• A social psychology phenomenon where individuals are [1] to help a victim when other people are present.

2. Key Study (Darley & Latané, 1968):

• Background: Inspired by a real-life tragic case (Kitty Genovese).
• Experiment Setup: Participants believed they were in a group discussion over an intercom.
  • One participant (an actor) pretended to have a [2].

3. Core Findings:

• The Rule: The more bystanders there are, the [3] the chance that any single person will intervene.
• Main Reason: "Diffusion of [4]"
  • People assume someone else will act or is more qualified.

4. Overcoming the Effect:

• Be aware of it.
• If you are the victim: Isolate one person and give a direct command.